@article{ref1,
title="Associations of nonconforming gender expression and gender identity with bullying victimization: an analysis of the 2017 youth risk behavior survey",
journal="BMC public health",
year="2022",
author="Lian, Qiguo and Li, Ruili and Liu, Zhihao and Li, Xiaona and Su, Qiru and Zheng, Dongpeng",
volume="22",
number="1",
pages="650-650",
abstract="PURPOSE: Although gender nonconformity (GNC) and transgender identity are both linked to bullying victimization, few studies have examined them with bullying victimization simultaneously. Using a sample of Youth Risk Behavior Survey, we investigated the associations of GNC and transgender identity with bullying victimization within the same study. <br><br>METHODS: We analyzed data from the cross-sectional school-based Youth Risk Behavior Survey in 2017 (n = 25,378). The exposures were GNC and transgender identity. The main outcomes were traditional victimization, cyber victimization, and combined victimization. We calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Poisson regression models. <br><br>RESULTS: There were 22.15% of high school students with GNC, and 1.61% identified themselves as transgender. GNC is associated with traditional (APR,1.45;95%CI, 1.21-1.73), cyber (APR,2.00; 95%CI, 1.66-2.40) and combined victimization (APR,1.61;95%CI, 1.42-1.83) respectively among assigned male at birth (AMAB) students only. Transgender male and female students are both at higher risk of bullying victimization for all the three outcomes than cisgender peers. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: AMAB GNC and transgender identity are associated with a higher risk of bullying victimization. Providing support systems and celebrating gender diversity within and outside schools are important.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1471-2458",
doi="10.1186/s12889-022-13071-6",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13071-6"
}