@article{ref1,
title="Naturalistic study of depression associated with Parkinson's disease in a national public neurological referral center in Mexico",
journal="Brain sciences",
year="2022",
author="Janssen-Aguilar, Reinhard and Rojas, Patricia and Ruiz-Sánchez, Elizabeth and Rodríguez-Violante, Mayela and Alcántara-Flores, Yessica M. and Crail-Melendez, Daniel and Cervantes-Arriaga, Amin and Sánchez-Escandón, Óscar and Ruiz-Chow, Ángel A.",
volume="12",
number="3",
pages="e326-e326",
abstract="Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a major health problem in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. We described the clinical and sociodemographic factors of MDD among patients with PD at a national neurological referral center in Mexico. One hundred patients with PD + MDD were included in the study. All the patients were evaluated during the &quot;ON&quot; treatment phase of PD. Clinical scales for cognition (MMSE and MoCA) and MDD (MADRS) were applied. The mean age was 58.49 ± 11.02 years, and 57% of the sample was male. The most frequent symptom of PD was tremor (67%), and onset was more frequent on the right side (57%). Additionally, 49% of the patients with PD had moderate to severe (M/S) MDD. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were the most frequent antidepressant treatment (69%). The scores of the scales were MADRS 21.33 ± 5.49, MoCA 21.06 ± 4.65, and MMSE 26.67 ± 1.20. The females had lower MMSE scores compared to the males (p = 0.043). The patients with M/S MDD had more rigidity at the beginning of PD (p = 0.005), fewer march alterations (p = 0.023), and a greater prevalence of left-side initial disease (p = 0.037). Rigidity was associated with M/S MDD (OR 3.75 p = 0.013). MDD was slightly more frequent in the males than in the females. The MDD symptoms and cognitive impairment were worse in the female population.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2076-3425",
doi="10.3390/brainsci12030326",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12030326"
}