@article{ref1,
title="Capital punishment and deterrence: what the statistics cannot show",
journal="Crime and delinquency",
year="1980",
author="Espy, M. Watt",
volume="26",
number="4",
pages="537-544",
abstract="Historical cases of executions carried out in the United States and the events that surrounded them show that, in these instances at least, capital punishment has failed as a means of deterring others from committing capital crimes. The demoralizing effects of execution have far outweighed any conceivable deterrent value.<p />",
language="en",
issn="0011-1287",
doi="10.1177/001112878002600407",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001112878002600407"
}