@article{ref1,
title="COVID-19-related workplace bullying and customer harassment among healthcare workers over the time of the COVID-19 outbreak: a eight-month panel study of full-time employees in Japan",
journal="Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine",
year="2022",
author="Iida, Mako and Sasaki, Natsu and Imamura, Kotaro and Kuroda, Reiko and Tsuno, Kanami and Kawakami, Norito",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalences of COVID-19-related workplace bullying and harassment (WBH) and customer harassment among healthcare workers (HCWs) compared to non-HCWs during COVID-19 outbreaks. <br><br>METHODS: A baseline (March 2020) and follow-up surveys (May, August, and November 2020) were conducted of full-time employees, with an online questionnaire that included items on COVID-19-related WBH and customer harassment. The prevalences were compared between HCWs and non-HCWs using generalized linear models with repeated measures. <br><br>RESULTS: A total of 800 (56%) respondents completed all the surveys. Prevalences of WBH and customer harassment were 5-10% and 10-13%, respectively, among HCWs during the follow-up. HCWs had a significantly higher prevalence of WBH in May (Adjusted OR=2.3) and customer harassment in November (Adjusted OR=2.7), compared to non-HCWs. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: HCWs remained at high risk of COVID-19-related WBH and customer harassment during the pandemic.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1076-2752",
doi="10.1097/JOM.0000000000002511",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000002511"
}