@article{ref1,
title="Risk of accidents or chronic disorders from improper use of mobile phones: a systematic review and meta-analysis",
journal="Journal of medical internet research",
year="2022",
author="Cao, Xinxi and Cheng, Yangyang and Xu, Chenjie and Hou, Yabing and Yang, Hongxi and Li, Shu and Gao, Ying and Jia, Peng and Wang, Yaogang",
volume="24",
number="1",
pages="e21313-e21313",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Mobile phone use has brought convenience, but the long or improper use of mobile phones can cause harm to the human body. <br><br>OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the impact of improper mobile phone use on the risks of accidents and chronic disorders. <br><br>METHODS: We systematically searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases for studies published prior to April 5, 2019; relevant reviews were also searched to identify additional studies. A random-effects model was used to calculate the overall pooled estimates. <br><br>RESULTS: Mobile phone users had a higher risk of accidents (relative risk [RR] 1.37, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.55). Long-term use of mobile phones increased accident risk relative to nonuse or short-term use (RR 2.10, 95% CI 1.63 to 2.70). Compared with nonuse, mobile phone use resulted in a higher risk for neoplasms (RR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.14), eye diseases (RR 2.03, 95% CI 1.27 to 3.23), mental health disorders (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.32), and headaches (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.32); the pooled risk of other chronic disorders was 1.20 (95% CI 0.90 to 1.59). Subgroup analyses also confirmed the increased risk of accidents and chronic disorders. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Improper use of mobile phones can harm the human body. While enjoying the convenience brought by mobile phones, people have to use mobile phones properly and reasonably.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1438-8871",
doi="10.2196/21313",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/21313"
}