@article{ref1,
title="Childhood trauma differentially impacts depression and stress associations with reintegration challenges among post- 9/11 U.S. Veterans",
journal="Nursing outlook",
year="2021",
author="Pounds, Karen and Milberg, William P. and Fortier, Catherine B. and Howard, Elizabeth P. and Fonda, Jennifer R. and Etchin, Anna G. and McGlinchey, Regina E.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Post-9/11 veterans exhibit high prevalence of deployment stress, psychological conditions, and traumatic brain injury (TBI) which impact reintegration, especially among those with a history of interpersonal early life trauma (I-ELT). The relative importance of each risk factor is unclear. <br><br>PURPOSE: We examined major deployment and clinical exposures of reintegration challenges among veterans with and without I-ELT. <br><br>METHOD: We analyzed cross-sectional data of 155 post-9/11 veterans from the Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders study. <br><br>FINDINGS: Depression severity had the strongest association with reintegration challenges, followed by posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) severity, post-deployment stress, and deployment safety concerns. Deployment safety concerns had a stronger, significant association among veterans with I-ELT. In nearly every model, PTSD and depression severities were weaker for veterans with I-ELT, compared to those without. <br><br>DISCUSSION: Clinicians should consider the relative risk of concurrent clinical conditions and trauma histories when considering veterans' reintegration needs.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0029-6554",
doi="10.1016/j.outlook.2021.10.008",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2021.10.008"
}