@article{ref1,
title="What context matters and at what level? A test of racial/ethnic threat, symbolic threat, and structural inequality perspectives in juvenile court decision-making",
journal="Crime and delinquency",
year="2021",
author="Leiber, Michael J. and Donnelly, Ellen A. and Lu, Yunmei",
volume="67",
number="2",
pages="234-261",
abstract="Do traditional theories of conflict influence juvenile court decision-making and explain racial/ethnic disparities? Racial/ethnic threat, symbolic threat, and structural inequality perspectives purport social controls increase when groups differ in race, ethnicity, or class. Scholarship tends to test one perspective at a time and use county as a unit of analysis. Taking a comparative approach, this study evaluates whether contextual indicators of these three theories, measured at the county- and zip code-levels, contribute to Black-White and Latino-White disparities in court decisions. Multilevel models reveal weak and partial support for each perspective. More effects appear at the zip code-level, indicating conflict may occur within rather than across courts. Macro-level theories must then be reconsidered to describe modern-day juvenile court proceedings.  Keywords: Juvenile justice <p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0011-1287",
doi="10.1177/0011128720938344",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128720938344"
}