@article{ref1,
title="Detection of knee wobbling as a screen to identify athletes who may be at high risk for ACL injury",
journal="International biomechanics",
year="2021",
author="Aoki, Akino and Kubota, Satoshi and Morinaga, Kosuke and Zheng, Naiquan Nigel and Wang, Shangcheng Sam and Gamada, Kazuyoshi",
volume="8",
number="1",
pages="30-41",
abstract="This study developed a method to detect knee wobbling (KW) at low knee flexion. KW consists of quick uncontrollable medio-lateral knee movements without knee flexion, which may indicate a risk of ACL injury. Ten female athletes were recorded while performing slow, single-leg squats. Using motion capture data, the ratio of the frontal angular velocity to sagittal angular velocity (F/S) was calculated. An 'F/S spike' was defined when the F/S ratio exceeded 100%. The number of F/S spikes was counted before and after low-pass filtering at different cut-off frequencies. Intraclass correlation coefficients for KW and filtered F/S spike were analysed. KWs per squat cycle showed a median (range) of 3 (2-8) times. F/S spikes before and after low-pass filtering at 3-, 6-, 10-, and 15-Hz were 51 (12-108), 2 (0-6), 3 (1-12), 5 (2-21), and 9 (3-33) times, respectively. KWs and F/S spikes on motion capture with 6-Hz, low-pass filtering were well correlated (r = 0.76). Median percentages of valgus and varus F/S spikes were 71% and 29%, respectively. After 6Hz, low-pass filtering, the number of F/S spikes was strongly correlated with observed KWs. An F/S spike assessment may be used to objectively detect KW, including flexion and varus/valgus angular velocity.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2333-5432",
doi="10.1080/23335432.2021.1936175",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23335432.2021.1936175"
}