@article{ref1,
title="COVID-19 dimensions are related to depression and anxiety among US college students: findings from the Healthy Minds Survey 2020",
journal="Journal of affective disorders",
year="2021",
author="Oh, Hans and Marinovich, Caitlin and Rajkumar, Ravi and Besecker, Megan and Zhou, Sasha and Jacob, Louis and Koyanagi, Ai and Smith, Lee",
volume="292",
number="",
pages="270-275",
abstract="BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about tremendous social and economic turmoil, which has been associated with increased levels of depression and anxiety. <br><br>METHODS: We analyzed data from the Healthy Minds Study (Fall Semester Cohort 2020), a non-probability sample of students across multiple colleges who completed an online survey between September - December 2020. Using multivariable logistic regression, we examined the associations between COVID-19 dimensions (concern, racial/ethnic discrimination, financial distress, infection, illness of loved one, death of loved one, caregiving) and mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety), adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and international student status. <br><br>RESULTS: Nearly a fifth of the sample reported moderately severe or severe depression, and nearly a third reported moderately severe or severe anxiety over the past two weeks. When accounting for all COVID-19 dimensions in the same model, COVID-19 concern, racial/ethnic discrimination, financial distress, and infection were significantly associated with moderately severe or severe depression; COVID-19 concern, financial distress, and infection were significantly associated with moderately severe or severe anxiety. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that the COVID-19 pandemic may have shaped mental health through a range of potential social and environmental dimensions. Interventions are required that consider multiple dimensions of COVID-19 to improve mental health during and after the pandemic.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0165-0327",
doi="10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.121",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.121"
}