@article{ref1,
title="The implementation of CoViD-19 social distancing measures changed the frequency and the characteristics of facial injury: the Newcastle (Australia) experience",
journal="Craniomaxillofacial trauma and reconstruction",
year="2021",
author="Wang, Che-Jen and Hoffman, Gary R. and Walton, Gary M.",
volume="14",
number="2",
pages="150-156",
abstract="STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study was undertaken of a cohort of facially injured patients using matched 8-week periods: non-COVID (2019) and COVID (2020). <br><br>OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there were any changes to the frequency and characteristics of facial injury due to the imposition of COVID-19 social distancing measures. <br><br>METHODS: The primary predictor variable was an 8-week period of COVID-19 social distancing. The primary outcome variable was the sustaining of a facial injury. Demographic (age/gender) and injury characteristics (mechanism, site, and treatment) were also studied. Descriptive statistical analysis was undertaken and comparison made using Pearson χ(2) and Fisher's exact tests. <br><br>RESULTS: The number of facial injuries decreased from 103 (2019) to 73 (2020). There were statistically significant differences in changes over time for the 8-week periods. There were some clinically apparent differences seen in the characteristics of facial injuries. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The imposition of COVID-19 social distancing changed the frequency and characteristics of facial injury.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1943-3875",
doi="10.1177/1943387520962280",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1943387520962280"
}