@article{ref1,
title="Performance of the CES-D and its short forms in screening suicidality and hopelessness in the community",
journal="Suicide and life-threatening behavior",
year="2007",
author="Cheung, Y. B. and Liu, Ka-Yuet and Yip, Paul S. F.",
volume="37",
number="1",
pages="79-88",
abstract="A measurement scale should be short and quick to complete if it is to be practically useful. Drawing on data from a community-based survey of 2,178 people in Hong Kong, we compared five short forms (5- to 10-item) and the original version (20-item) of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D; Radloff, 1977) in predicting suicidal attempts and suicidal thoughts. Short forms with as few as nine items performed in ways very similar to the full version; a version with only five items had a detectable difference from the full version. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values in differentiating people with and without suicidal thought or attempt change almost linearly with the cut-offs.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0363-0234",
doi="10.1521/suli.2007.37.1.79",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/suli.2007.37.1.79"
}