@article{ref1,
title="Cognitive and motor deficits contribute to longer braking time in stroke",
journal="Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation",
year="2021",
author="Christou, Evangelos A. and Casamento-Moran, Agostina and Lodha, Neha and Shad, Joanna M. and Patel, Prakruti",
volume="18",
number="1",
pages="e7-e7",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Braking is a critical determinant of safe driving that depends on the integrity of cognitive and motor processes. Following stroke, both cognitive and  motor capabilities are impaired to varying degrees. The current study examines the  combined impact of cognitive and motor impairments on braking time in chronic  stroke. <br><br>METHODS: Twenty stroke survivors and 20 aged-matched healthy controls  performed cognitive, motor, and simulator driving assessments. Cognitive abilities  were assessed with processing speed, divided attention, and selective attention. Motor abilities were assessed with maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) and motor  accuracy of the paretic ankle. Driving performance was examined with the braking  time in a driving simulator and self-reported driving behavior. <br><br>RESULTS: Braking  time was 16% longer in the stroke group compared with the control group. The  self-reported driving behavior in stroke group was correlated with braking time  (r = - 0.53, p = 0.02). The stroke group required significantly longer time for  divided and selective attention tasks and showed significant decrease in motor  accuracy. Together, selective attention time and motor accuracy contributed to  braking time (R(2) = 0.40, p = 0.01) in stroke survivors. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: This study  provides novel evidence that decline in selective attention and motor accuracy  together contribute to slowed braking in stroke survivors. Driving rehabilitation  after stroke may benefit from the assessment and training of attentional and motor  skills to improve braking during driving.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1743-0003",
doi="10.1186/s12984-020-00802-2",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12984-020-00802-2"
}