@article{ref1,
title="The search for causality of personality-chronotype associations: insights from a one-year longitudinal study of adolescents",
journal="Chronobiology international",
year="2021",
author="Matthews, Gerald and Gorgol, Joanna and Stolarski, Maciej",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="Associations between certain personality traits and individual differences in diurnal preferences, referred to as morningness-eveningness, are well established  from cross-sectional studies. However, it is unclear whether personality affects  diurnal preference, diurnal preference affects personality, or some third factor  influences both. The current study assessed the Big Five personality traits and  morningness-eveningness in a one-year, two-wave longitudinal design, in a sample of  169 Polish high school students (59% females), aged 16-17 years (M = 16.80,  SD = 0.39) during the first wave of measurement. During the second wave the  participants were respectively 1 year older. Cross lagged panel analyses were run to  determine wave 1 predictors of wave 2 variables. Cross-sectional analyses replicated  the association between morningness and conscientiousness that has been reliably  found in previous studies, but the cross-lagged paths between these variables were  nonsignificant. These two traits appear to be intrinsically linked to one another by  adolescence, possibly as a consequence of genetic influences that shape temperament  earlier in childhood. In contrast, emotional stability and morningness were not  significantly correlated in wave 1 cross-sectional data, but a significant  relationship was found in the cross-lagged panel analysis. Wave 1 emotional  stability predicted wave 2 morningness, although wave 1 morningness did not predict  personality. We tentatively suggest that there may be a causal effect of personality  on diurnal preference, associated with avoidance strategies for coping with academic  stress as the high school years approach their end. More neurotic individuals may  cope with their aversion to classes by distracting themselves with evening pursuits,  such as use of the internet. Further work might examine in more depth how contextual  stressors interact with personality to affect daily activities at different times of  the day.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0742-0528",
doi="10.1080/07420528.2020.1867157",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2020.1867157"
}