@article{ref1,
title="Psychiatric diagnoses are associated with means selection in United States suicide deaths",
journal="Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology",
year="2021",
author="Runyan, Carol W. and Schwab-Reese, Laura M. and Currie, Dustin W.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine whether the choice of means by persons who die by suicide is associated with a prior psychiatric diagnosis. <br><br>METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed suicide surveillance data from  18 states reporting to the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) between  2003 and 2014. NVDRS compiled data from multiple sources (e.g., coroner's reports,  police reports, death certificates) on every violent death within reporting  jurisdictions, including information on indicated psychiatric disorders and suicide  means. We assessed whether the selected suicide means were associated with diagnoses  using multinomial logistic regression. <br><br>RESULTS: Adjusted models suggested that,  compared to decedents using firearms, those using poisoning were more likely to have  each psychiatric disorder examined, including bipolar disorder (aOR: 2.17 [95% CI  2.03-2.32]), schizophrenia (aOR: 1.81 [1.61-2.04]), depression (aOR: 1.64  [1.58-1.70]), anxiety disorder (aOR: 1.46 [1.35-1.57]), and PTSD (aOR: 1.41  [1.22-1.64]). A far greater proportion of individuals who died from less common  means (other than firearms, suffocation, or poisoning) had schizophrenia (aOR: 4.52  [4.00-5.11]). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Many existing and proposed means restriction  interventions have focused on firearms. Additional focus on access to potential  agents of poisoning (e.g., the type and quantity of medication administered to  patients) among individuals with psychiatric diagnoses may be warranted.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0933-7954",
doi="10.1007/s00127-020-01999-2",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-020-01999-2"
}