@article{ref1,
title="Altered brain creatine cycle metabolites in bipolar I disorder with childhood abuse: a (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy study",
journal="Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology and biological psychiatry",
year="2020",
author="Bio, Danielle Soares and Moreno, Ricardo Alberto and Garcia-Otaduy, Maria Concepcion and Nery, Fabiano and Lafer, Beny and Soeiro-de-Souza, Márcio Gerhardt",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Childhood abuse (CA) is a risk factor for a number of psychiatric disorders and has been associated with higher risk of developing bipolar disorders  (BD). CA in BD has been associated with more severe clinical outcomes, but the  neurobiological explanation for this is unknown. Few studies have explored in vivo  measurement of brain metabolites using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy  ((1)H-MRS) in CA and no studies have investigated the association of CA severity  with brain neurometabolites in BD. <br><br>OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether CA severity is  associated with changes in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) neurometabolite profile  in BD and HC subjects. <br><br>METHODS: Fifty-nine BD I euthymic patients and fifty-nine HC  subjects were assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and underwent  a 3-Tesla (1)H-MRS scan. Severity of childhood abuse (physical, sexual and  emotional) and its association with levels of brain metabolites was analyzed within  each group. <br><br>RESULTS: BD patients had higher total scores on the CTQ and higher  severity rates of sexual and physical abuse compared to HC subjects. Greater  severity of physical and sexual abuse was associated with increased ACC PCr level  and lower Cr/PCr ratio in the BD group only. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Sexual and physical abuse  in BD patients, but not in HC subjects, appeared to be associated with creatine  metabolism in the ACC, which can influence neuronal mitochondrial energy production. Further studies should investigate whether this is the mechanism underlying the  association between CA and worse clinical outcomes in BD.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0278-5846",
doi="10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110233",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110233"
}