@article{ref1,
title="Delay discounting in children exposed to disaster",
journal="PLoS one",
year="2020",
author="Matsuyama, Yusuke and Fujiwara, Takeo and Sawada, Yasuyuki and Yagi, Junko and Mashiko, Hirobumi and Kawachi, Ichiro",
volume="15",
number="12",
pages="e0243994-e0243994",
abstract="Delay discounting is an important predictor of future health and academic success in children but can change in environmental uncertainty situations. Here we show that  the experience of loss of housing in the Great East Japan Earthquake 2011-but not  other psychological trauma such as loss of loved ones-was correlated delay  discounting of children. In 2014, we assessed delay discounting in children (N =  167; mean age = 8.3 years-old), who were preschool age at the time of the earthquake  (mean age at the time of disaster = 4.8 years-old) in a time-investment exercise  where children allocated five tokens between rewards &quot;now&quot; (one candy per token on  the same day) versus &quot;one month later&quot; (two candies per token one month later). The  number of tokens allocated for &quot;now&quot; was higher by 0.535 (95% confidence interval:  -0.012, 1.081) in children who had their housing destroyed or flooded than those  with no housing damage. Other types of traumatic experiences were not associated  with delay discounting.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1932-6203",
doi="10.1371/journal.pone.0243994",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243994"
}