@article{ref1,
title="The positive and negative outcome of morphine and disulfiram subacute co-administration in rats in the absence of ethanol challenge",
journal="Pharmaceutics",
year="2021",
author="Frączek, Karolina and Kowalczyk, Agnieszka and Pekala, Martyna and Kasarello, Kaja and Sygitowicz, Grażyna and Sulejczak, Dorota and Zaremba, Malgorzata and Konop, Marek and Frankowska, Malgorzata and Filip, Malgorzata and Bujalska-Zadrozny, Magdalena and Kleczkowska, Patrycja",
volume="13",
number="1",
pages="e29-e29",
abstract="Recently, a well-known anti-alcohol agent, disulfiram (DSF), has gain much interest, as it was found to be effective in the treatment of cocaine abusers, thus also  giving hope for patients addicted to opioids and other illicit drugs. Therefore,  this study was aimed to investigate the possible outcome that might occur within the  subacute co-administration of both morphine (MRF) and DSF in rats, but in the  absence of ethanol challenge. As observed, intraperitoneal DSF dose-dependently  enhanced MRF-mediated analgesia with the maximal efficacy at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Furthermore, MRF-induced tolerance and aggressive behavior were significantly  reduced by DSF (100 mg/kg, i.p.) in comparison to MRF solely. Nonetheless,  significant blood biochemical markers of hepatotoxicity were found (i.e., alteration  in the levels of glutathione, blood urea nitrogen, etc.), following a combination of  both drugs. Likewise, histological analysis of liver tissue revealed severe changes  in the group of DSF + MRF, which includes swelling, cell death, damage to certain  vessels, and hemorrhages into the liver parenchyma. Our findings indicate that DSF  should be used with extreme caution, especially within the course of subacute  concomitant use with MRF, as several possible side effects may take place.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1999-4923",
doi="10.3390/pharmaceutics13010029",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13010029"
}