@article{ref1,
title="The acute antisuicidal effects of single-dose intravenous ketamine and intranasal  esketamine in individuals with major depression and bipolar disorders: a systematic  review and meta-analysis",
journal="Journal of psychiatric research",
year="2020",
author="Xiong, Jiaqi and Lipsitz, Orly and Chen-Li, David and Rosenblat, Joshua Daniel and Rodrigues, Nelson B. and Carvalho, Isabelle and Lui, Leanna M. W. and Gill, Hartej and Narsi, Flora and Mansur, Rodrigo B. and Lee, Yena and McIntyre, Roger S.",
volume="134",
number="",
pages="57-68",
abstract="The efficacy of ketamine in reducing suicidal ideation (SI) has been previously  reported. We aimed to evaluate acute anti-SI effects of single-dose ketamine in  different formulations/routes of administration by pooling results from randomized  controlled trials (RCTs). A systematic search was conducted on Cochrane, Embase,  Medline, and PubMed from inception to July 1st, 2020. Studies were selected based on  pre-determined eligibility criteria. Effect sizes of different formulations/routes  at various time points were computed using random-effects models. With data from  nine eligible RCTs (n = 197), the pooled effect size for anti-SI effects at the 24-h  time point was 1.035 (N = 6, CI: 0.793 to 1.277, p < 0.001) for intravenous (IV)  racemic ketamine and 1.309 (N = 1, CI: 0.857 to 1.761, p < 0.001) for intranasal  (IN) esketamine. An additional five RCTs were available for qualitative analysis. RCTs were identified for oral/sublingual ketamine for depression, however, none of  these trials reported anti-SI effects preventing quantitative analysis for these  routes of delivery. No RCTs for intramuscular (IM) ketamine were identified. The  findings suggest that single-dose IV ketamine/IN esketamine is associated with  robust reductions in suicidal thoughts at 2-h, 4-h, and 24-h post-intervention. In  addition, future studies on IM/oral/sublingual ketamine and comparative studies are  warranted to evaluate the anti-SI efficacy of distinct formulations and routes of  administration.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-3956",
doi="10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.038",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.038"
}