@article{ref1,
title="Promises and challenges of next-generation "beyond Li-ion" batteries for electric  vehicles and grid decarbonization",
journal="Chemical reviews",
year="2020",
author="Tian, Yaosen and Zeng, Guobo and Rutt, Ann and Shi, Tan and Kim, Haegyeom and Wang, Jingyang and Koettgen, Julius and Sun, Yingzhi and Ouyang, Bin and Chen, Tina and Lun, Zhengyan and Rong, Ziqin and Persson, Kristin and Ceder, Gerbrand",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="The tremendous improvement in performance and cost of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs)  have made them the technology of choice for electrical energy storage. While  established battery chemistries and cell architectures for Li-ion batteries achieve  good power and energy density, LIBs are unlikely to meet all the performance, cost,  and scaling targets required for energy storage, in particular, in large-scale  applications such as electrified transportation and grids. The demand to further  reduce cost and/or increase energy density, as well as the growing concern related  to natural resource needs for Li-ion have accelerated the investigation of so-called  &quot;beyond Li-ion&quot; technologies. In this review, we will discuss the recent  achievements, challenges, and opportunities of four important &quot;beyond Li-ion&quot;  technologies: Na-ion batteries, K-ion batteries, all-solid-state batteries, and  multivalent batteries. The fundamental science behind the challenges, and potential  solutions toward the goals of a low-cost and/or high-energy-density future, are  discussed in detail for each technology. While it is unlikely that any given new  technology will fully replace Li-ion in the near future, &quot;beyond Li-ion&quot;  technologies should be thought of as opportunities for energy storage to grow into  mid/large-scale applications.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0009-2665",
doi="10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00767",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00767"
}