@article{ref1,
title="Injuries among Maryland jockeys during thoroughbred racing: 2015-2019",
journal="BMJ open sport and exercise medicine",
year="2020",
author="Ryan, Kelly and Garruppo, Gabrielle and Alexander, Kezia and Hluchan, Christine M. and Lincoln, Andrew E.",
volume="6",
number="1",
pages="e000926-e000926",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to characterise jockey injuries at Maryland racetracks  during thoroughbred racing activities over 4 years using medical records maintained  by the sports medicine team. <br><br>METHODS: Injury data were prospectively gathered by  sports medicine physicians who were onsite for all thoroughbred racing activities in  Maryland from 12 September 2015 to 5 May 2019 to evaluate and treat any injury to  the jockeys. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, rates with corresponding 95% CIs  and proportions) of injury types, body parts, mechanisms, severity and location on  track were calculated. <br><br>RESULTS: Over nearly 4 years of racing and 45 000 mounts,  there were 204 injuries involving 184 incidents and 131 falls during those races. The vast majority of injuries (80%) was related to soft tissue, while 4% were  concussions. Most injuries involved the lower extremity (31%) or upper extremity  (26%) and typically resulted from a fall from the horse. Among all incidents, 79.3%  (n=146) resulted in an injury, while 76.3% (n=100) of falls resulted in an injury. We identified a significant proportion of injuries (41%) in and around the starting  gate. Over a quarter of incidents resulting in injury required further medical care  in hospital or other medical facility, while surgery was required in 2.5% of  injuries. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Access to a consistent group of sports medicine providers  facilitated jockey injury reporting and tracking. The majority of jockey injuries is  related to soft tissue and results from falls, while the starting gate area is  associated with the greatest proportion of injuries.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2055-7647",
doi="10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000926",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000926"
}