@article{ref1,
title="The effect of lineup size on eyewitness identification",
journal="Journal of experimental psychology: applied",
year="2020",
author="Akan, Melisa and Robinson, Maria M. and Mickes, Laura and Wixted, John T. and Benjamin, Aaron S.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="Eyewitness identification via lineup procedures is an important and widely used  source of evidence in criminal cases. However, the scientific literature provides  inconsistent guidance on a very basic feature of lineup procedure: lineup size. In  two experiments, we examined whether the number of fillers affects diagnostic  accuracy in a lineup, as assessed with receiver-operating characteristic (ROC)  analysis. Showups (identification procedures with one face) led to lower  discriminability than simultaneous lineups. However, in neither experiment did the  number of fillers in a lineup affect discriminability. We also evaluated competing  models of decision-making from lineups. This analysis indicated that the standard  Independent Observations (IO) model, which assumes a decision rule based on the  comparison of memory strength signals generated by each face in a lineup, is  incapable of reproducing the lower level of performance evident in showups. We could  not adjudicate between the Ensemble model, which assumes a decision rule based on  the comparison of the strength of each face with the mean strength across the  lineup, and a newly introduced Dependent Observations model, which adopts the same  decision rule as the IO model, but with correlated signals across faces. We draw  lessons for users of lineup procedures and for basic research on eyewitness decision  making. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1076-898X",
doi="10.1037/xap0000340",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xap0000340"
}