@article{ref1,
title="It's never one type: the co-occurrence of child abuse and neglect among children living in community residences in Trinidad",
journal="Journal of child and adolescent trauma",
year="2020",
author="Descartes, Christine H. and Maharaj, Priya E. and Quammie, Mercedes and Mills, Janelle and Ramesar, Mala and Pulwarty, Harold",
volume="13",
number="4",
pages="419-427",
abstract="Child welfare systems in the Caribbean tend not to take multi-type maltreatment into  account when assessing and treating victims of child maltreatment. This study aimed  to provide evidence of the prevalence of multi-type maltreatment and patterns of  co-occurrence of child abuse and neglect among children and adolescents in community  residences across Trinidad. One hundred and two children and adolescents completed  the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire which captured five abuse and neglect types:  emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect and emotional  neglect. The correlation analyses revealed significant positive relationships among  the three types of abuse and a moderate positive correlation between the two types  of neglect. T-test results indicated that girls were more likely than boys to  experience physical abuse, emotional abuse and sexual abuse, however boys also  reported high levels of abuse and neglect. The findings suggest that children are  likely to face multiple forms of abuse and neglect that may contribute to its  alarming severity and chronicity. Children in community residences are a population  of particular interest given that residential care may be considered either a risk  or a protective factor depending on the quality of care provided. Recommendations  for future research and intervention strategies are proposed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1936-1521",
doi="10.1007/s40653-019-00293-x",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40653-019-00293-x"
}