@article{ref1,
title="A closer examination of the temporal relationship between self-competence and depressive symptoms during early adolescence",
journal="Journal of early adolescence",
year="2020",
author="Ohannessian, Christine McCauley and Vannucci, Anna",
volume="40",
number="9",
pages="1318-1335",
abstract="This study examined the temporal relation between self-competence and depressive symptoms in a large, diverse, U.S. community sample of 1,344 adolescents (51% female; mean age  = 12.73, SD = .69, range = 11-14 years). Surveys were administered to seventh- and eighth-grade students at participating high schools in the fall of 2016 and the spring of 2017. Girls reported higher levels of depressive symptoms and self-competence in behavioral conduct and close friendships than boys, whereas boys reported higher levels of self-competence in athletic, physical appearance, and social domains than girls. Results from autoregressive, cross-lagged path models indicated that depressive symptoms predicted self-competence more consistently than the reverse. There were no gender differences in the associations between self-competence and depressive symptoms. Findings from this study underscore the importance of considering both directions of effect when examining psychosocial factors associated with depressive symptoms during early adolescence.",
language="en",
issn="0272-4316",
doi="10.1177/0272431619847527",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272431619847527"
}