@article{ref1,
title="Self-efficacy and external locus of control as predictors of participant roles in relational aggression",
journal="Journal of interpersonal violence",
year="2020",
author="Levy, Michal and Gumpel, Thomas P.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="We examined the extent to which the perceived behavioral control factors of pro-social, emotional, or verbal-social self-efficacy (SE) as well as external locus of control (LOC) explain the variance between different participant roles: relational aggressors, relational victims, relational aggressive-victims, and bystanders. Participants included 1,518 adolescents (61.6% boys and 38.4% girls) from 15 Israeli middle and high schools. Multinomial logistic regression models indicated relational aggressors, and aggressive-victims had lower pro-social SE and higher verbal-social SE than relational victims and bystanders. Relational aggressors, aggressive-victims, and victims had more extensive external LOC than bystanders. The theoretical contribution of verbal-social SE is discussed, and practical implications are highlighted, in particular, regarding the relational aggressive-victim, who exhibits high-risk behaviors.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0886-2605",
doi="10.1177/0886260520943733",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260520943733"
}