@article{ref1,
title="Cognition, conflict, and doctrine: how groupthink fails on a Clausewitz landscape",
journal="Journal of defense modeling and simulation: applications, methodology, technology",
year="2020",
author="Wallace, Rodrick",
volume="17",
number="2",
pages="137-142",
abstract="Real-time conflict takes place on Clausewitz landscapes most notably marked by fog-of-war and frictional limits, uncertainties, and misperceptions. Imposition of such factors on an opponent is, in fact, a standard tactic of confrontation, from courts of law to commerce, from political campaigns to the battlefield. Time-constrained optimization models of institutional effectiveness, based on 'anytime algorithm' methods, suggest that the burden of doctrinal groupthink may become synergistic with fog-of-war and friction to greatly compromise the ability of an institution to respond to shadow price demands imposed by a contending agent or environment. A different, and more direct, approach via a 'simple' stochastic model, provides similar insight.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1548-5129",
doi="10.1177/1548512919843642",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548512919843642"
}