@article{ref1,
title="Race and worrying about police brutality: the hidden injuries of minority status in America",
journal="Victims and offenders",
year="2020",
author="Graham, Amanda and Haner, Murat and Sloan, Melissa M. and Cullen, Francis T. and Kulig, Teresa C. and Jonson, Cheryl Lero",
volume="15",
number="5",
pages="549-573",
abstract="Given the historically contentious relationship - including most notably the use of excessive and lethal force - between the police and African Americans, the current project examines the extent to which Blacks in the United States fear police brutality. The study is based on a national-level survey (N = 1,000), and measures fear by how much respondents &quot;worry&quot; about experiencing police force. The data support the racial divide hypothesis, showing that Blacks' worry about such violence is over five times that of Whites. Guided by the racial/ethnic gradient hypothesis, the analyses also assess Hispanic respondents' level of worry. Rather than forming a gradient by falling midway between Blacks and Whites, Hispanics' worry about police brutality more closely reflects those of Blacks at more than four times that of Whites, suggesting a racial/ethnic divide. These findings thus assert that worrying about police brutality is an emotional injury that minorities disproportionately experience and whose pervasiveness remains largely hidden from view.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1556-4886",
doi="10.1080/15564886.2020.1767252",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2020.1767252"
}