@article{ref1,
title="Depression with and without a history of psychotic symptoms in the general population: sociodemographic and clinical characteristics",
journal="Journal of affective disorders",
year="2020",
author="Benard, Victoire and Pignon, Baptiste and Geoffroy, Pierre-Alexis and Benradia, Imane and Roelandt, Jean-Luc and Rolland, Benjamin and Fovet, Thomas and D'Hondt, Fabien and Thomas, Pierre and Vaiva, Guillaume and Amad, Ali",
volume="273",
number="",
pages="247-251",
abstract="BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to find the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of major depressive episode (MDE) with (MDE-HPS+) and without a history of psychotic symptoms (MDE-HPS) in the general population.  METHODS: The Mental Health in the General Population survey interviewed 38,694 individuals in France by using the MINI. The prevalence and sociodemographic and clinical correlates of MDE-HPS+ were assessed.  RESULTS: Of the sample, 11.2% were diagnosed with current MDE and among them, 39.3% presented a history of at least one psychotic symptom (hallucination or delusion). Patients with MDE-HPS+ were younger with more severe social impairment than those with MDE-HPS-. We also found a higher proportion of three generations of migrants in the MDE-HPS+ group. Comorbid psychiatric disorders such as a history of a manic episode, alcohol use disorder, social anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder, and a personal history of a suicide attempt were more frequent in patients with MDE-HPS+ than in those with MDE-HPS-. Finally, we found a specific gradient of severity for psychiatric comorbid disorders depending on the number of psychotic symptoms lifetime in MDE.  LIMITATIONS: The study also has an observational cross-sectional design that does not permit causal inferences, and it is difficult to eliminate recall bias and reporting errors.  CONCLUSION: In the general population, patients with MDE-HPS+, when compared to MDE-HPS-, presented with a more severe clinical profile, with increased rates of psychiatric comorbidities, particularly a history of bipolar disorder and a history of a suicide attempt.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0165-0327",
doi="10.1016/j.jad.2020.04.048",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.04.048"
}