@article{ref1,
title="The intersection between criminal accusations, victimization, and mental disorders: a Canadian population-based study",
journal="Canadian journal of psychiatry, The",
year="2020",
author="Casiano, Hygiea and Hensel, Jennifer M. and Chartier, Mariette J. and Ekuma, Okechukwu and MacWilliam, Leonard and Mota, Natalie and McDougall, Chelsey and Bolton, James M.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: Understand the relationship between criminal accusations, victimization, and mental disorders at a population level using administrative data from Manitoba, Canada. <br><br>METHOD: Residents aged 18 to 64 between April 1, 2007, and March 31, 2012 (<i>N</i> = 793,024) with hospital- and physician-diagnosed mental disorders were compared to those without. Overall and per-person rates of criminal accusations and reported victimization in the 2011/2012 fiscal year were examined. Relative risks were calculated, adjusting for age, sex, income, and presence of a substance use disorder. The overlap between diagnosed mental disorders, accusations, and victimization with a χ<sup>2</sup> test of independence was studied. <br><br>RESULTS: Twenty-four percent (<i>n</i> = 188,693) of the population had a mental disorder over the 5-year time frame. Four to fifteen percent of those with a mental disorder had a criminal accusation, compared to 2.4% of the referent group. Individuals with mental disorders, especially psychotic or personality disorders, were often living in low-income, urban neighborhoods. The adjusted relative risk of accusations and victimization remained 2 to 5 times higher in those with mental disorders compared to the referent group. Criminal accusations and victimization were most prevalent among individuals with a history of attempted suicide (15.2% had an accusation and 8.1% were victims). The risk of victimization in the same year as a criminal accusation was significantly increased among those with mental disorders compared to those without (χ<sup>2</sup> = 211.8, <i>P</i> < 0.001). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with mental disorders are at elevated risk of both criminal involvement and victimization. The identification of these multiply-stigmatized individuals may lead to better intervention and support.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0706-7437",
doi="10.1177/0706743720919660",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743720919660"
}