@article{ref1,
title="Biathlon Injury and Illness Surveillance project (BIIS): development of biathlon-specific surveillance forms in English, Russian, French and German",
journal="BMJ open sport and exercise medicine",
year="2019",
author="Van Dyk, Carlee and Panagodage Perera, Nirmala and Carrabre, James E. and Manfredini, Fabio and Fitzpatrick, Jane",
volume="5",
number="1",
pages="e000588-e000588",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: The aim of this project was to adapt the English, French, German and Russian versions of the International Olympic Committee (<i>IOC</i>) <i>injury and illness surveillance form</i> to be sport-specific for use in biathlon. <br><br>METHODS: 23 medical representatives from 16 of the 55 biathlon federations participated in this project to adapt the form and create disease coding relevant to biathlon. The English version of the <i>IOC injury and illness surveillance form</i> was used as the primary template. Four review rounds were used to develop electronic fillable PDF forms. The changes were then forward translated onto the Russian, French and German forms. <br><br>RESULTS: Changes were made to event type to biathlon-specific events. A weekly reporting format was adopted in line with the race week format of World Cup events. Wherever possible, coding replaced free-text format to avoid translation issues. New codes were created to describe the time of injury/illness. A new symptom code was added to reflect the prevalence of respiratory infection: sore throat/cold symptoms. As the number of athletes in a team differs between weeks in the season, an additional question was added to ask for the 'number of athletes in the team for the week' and for the season. <br><br>CONCLUSION: This project provides a biathlon-specific injury and illness surveillance form in English, French, German and Russian. This forms the basis for surveillance that will contribute to a greater understanding of the illness and injury rate in elite biathletes and ultimately to enhanced athlete well-being and success in biathlon, and winter sports more generally.<br><br>© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2055-7647",
doi="10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000588",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000588"
}