@article{ref1,
title="Street adaptations in residential areas. A survey of local authorities in England and Wales",
journal="Traffic engineering and control",
year="1989",
author="Beth, L and Pharoah, T",
volume="30",
number="4",
pages="180-183",
abstract="In recent years there has been a growing interest amongst local authorities in possibilities for adapting the layout of residential streets to achieve greater safety and a better environment. A postal survey of local authorities was undertaken in 1986 in order to find out which authorities had undertaken adaptations to traditional residential roads, and what form these adaptations had taken. The survey found evidence of street adaptations by 71 of the 182 authorities responding to the questionnaire (39 per cent of respondents). Of respondents giving details of schemes, 58 per cent claimed to have carried out adaptations designed to reduce traffic speed. Only 16 per cent of these, however, specified that speed humps had been used. The type of scheme most commonly used involved a change in the horizontal alignment of carriageways and kerbs. Changes in vertical alignment (including humps) and the use of shared space were rare. Few schemes used a combination of different measures to reinforce the effect, or to satisfy a number of objectives, and fewer still (if any) could be described as part of an area-wide programme to achieve wider transport objectives. In this respect in particular, practice in the U.K. lags far behind that in neighbouring European countries.  Keywords: Shared Space, Monderman Model, Speed Bumps<p />",
language="",
issn="0041-0683",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}