@article{ref1,
title="Effect of gender on childhood maltreatment in the state of Qatar: retrospective study",
journal="Child abuse and neglect",
year="2019",
author="Salem, Mansoura and Dargham, Soha R. and Kamal, Madeeha and Eldeeb, Nehal and Alyafei, Khalid A. and Lynch, Margaret A. and Mian, Marcellina and Mahfoud, Ziyad R.",
volume="101",
number="",
pages="e104314-e104314",
abstract="BACKGROUND: International maltreatment studies show a range of results for overall rates of child maltreatment and gender differences. The ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tools (ICAST) were designed to reduce variability in data collection. <br><br>OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of gender on the experiences of discipline and maltreatment in childhood among young people in Qatar, informingpractice and policy development. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: A representative sample of Qatari youth aged between 18 and 24 years were identified using a cross sectional random household survey. The total number of subjects was 697 of whom 46.8% were male. <br><br>METHODS: Participants self-administered the ICAST-R (retrospective), which includes questions about exposure below the age of 18 to potentially abusive physical, psychological and sexual behaviors. Verbal consent was obtained following an introductory explanation and assurance ofconfidentiality. <br><br>RESULTS: At least one form of physical abuse was reported by 22.1% of participants and was significantly higher among males (28.2%) than females (16.7%) p<0.001). A trend for greater abuse was identified among boys aged over five which become statistically significant between 10 -13 years (p=0.001). For psychological abuse the overall rates were very similar, 16.2% for girls and 15.0% for boys. Only 17 (2.5%) of participants reported sexual abuse, with no statistically significant gender difference. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Physical, psychological and sexual abuse all occur in Qatar. This study demonstrates the importance of identifying the role of gender and age when exploring the extent and nature of maltreatment in a population. It allows for better targeting of preventative action.<br><br>Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Ltd.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0145-2134",
doi="10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104314",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104314"
}