@article{ref1,
title="Exploring bias in police shooting decisions with real shoot/don't shoot cases",
journal="Crime and delinquency",
year="2018",
author="Worrall, John L. and Bishopp, Stephen A. and Zinser, Scott C. and Wheeler, Andrew P. and Phillips, Scott W.",
volume="64",
number="9",
pages="1171-1192",
abstract="The controversy surrounding recent high-profile police shootings (e.g., Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri; Laquan McDonald in Chicago) has prompted inquiry into the possible existence of bias in officers' use-of-force decisions. Using a balanced mix of shoot/don't shoot cases from a large municipal police department in the Southwestern United States, this study analyzed the effect of suspect race on officers' decisions to shoot--while accounting for other theoretically relevant factors. <br><br>FINDINGS suggest that Black suspects were not disproportionately the target of police shootings; Black suspects were approximately one third as likely to be shot as other suspects. This finding challenges the current bias narrative and is consistent with the other race-related findings in recently published research.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0011-1287",
doi="10.1177/0011128718756038",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128718756038"
}