@article{ref1,
title="Pedestrian injury severity in the event of a collision with a truck: are energy absorbing adaptive deformable fronts suitable",
journal="International journal of vehicle safety",
year="2018",
author="Mitra, Sudeshna and Mitra, Nilanjan and Lakshminarayana, K. S. V.",
volume="10",
number="3/4",
pages="235-252",
abstract="It is well known that adaptive deformable fronts attached to trucks reduce pedestrian injury. However, the suitability of these frontal attachment devices from a holistic point of view, considering both primary and secondary impacts, is questioned in this paper. Using head-injury-criteria index, the effects of pedestrian gait and different closing speeds are considered for evaluation of numerous truck-pedestrian side and rear impact situations. Numerical simulations, considering coupled rigid and deformable-body dynamics, have been carried out in this paper to arrive at conclusions. For primary side impact scenario DEA frontal attachment provides a performance improvement specifically for 0% gait; however, the performance improvement is non-uniform for other gait cycles. For primary rear impact scenarios, it is observed that DEA is not a useful alternative at all. For secondary collision scenarios (involving both side and rear impacts) DEA is not at all an effective means for performance improvement.   Keywords: pedestrian-truck collision; adaptive deformable fronts; primary and secondary impact; pedestrian gait.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1479-3105",
doi="10.1504/IJVS.2018.097709",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJVS.2018.097709"
}