@article{ref1,
title="Effectiveness of over-ground robotic locomotor training in improving walking performance, cardiovascular demands, secondary complications and user-satisfaction in individuals with spinal cord injuries: a systematic review",
journal="Journal of rehabilitation medicine",
year="2019",
author="Shackleton, Claire and Evans, Robert and Shamley, Delva and West, Sacha and Albertus, Yumna",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of over-ground robotic locomotor training in individuals with spinal cord injuries with regard to walking performance, cardiovascular demands, secondary health complications and user-satisfaction. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCOhost and Engineering Village. STUDY SELECTION: Trials in which robotic locomotor training was used for a minimum of 3 participants with spinal cord injury. DATA EXTRACTION: Independent extraction of data by 2 reviewers using a pre-established data abstraction table. Quality of evidence assessed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). DATA SYNTHESIS: Total of 27 non-controlled studies representing 308 participants. Most studies showed decreases in exertion ratings, pain and spasticity and reported positive well-being post-intervention. Seven studies were included in meta-analyses on walking performance, showing significant improvements post-intervention (p < 0.05), with pooled effects for the 6-min walking test and 10-metre walking test of-0.94 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) -1.53,-0.36) and -1.22 (95% CI -1.87,-0.57), respectively. The Timed Up and Go Test showed a positive pooled effect of 0.74 (95% CI 0.36, 1.11). Improvements in walking parameters were seen with an increase in session number; however, no significant cardiovascular changes were found over time. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Robotic locomotor training shows promise as a tool for improving neurological rehabilitation; however, there is limited evidence regarding its training benefits. Further high-powered, randomized controlled trials, with homogenous samples, are required to investigate these effects.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1650-1977",
doi="10.2340/16501977-2601",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/16501977-2601"
}