@article{ref1,
title="Predictive links between genetic vulnerability to depression and trajectories of warmth and conflict in the mother-adolescent and father-adolescent relationships",
journal="Developmental psychology",
year="2019",
author="Brouillard, Charlie and Brendgen, Mara R. and Vitaro, Frank and Dionne, Ginette and Boivin, Michel",
volume="55",
number="8",
pages="1743-1757",
abstract="The present study used a genetically informed design of twins raised in the same family (375 monozygotic and 290 dizygotic twins; 50.2% girls) to examine the association between adolescents' genetic risk for depressive symptoms and the course of the parent-child relationship quality throughout adolescence. Depressive symptoms and the quality of the parent-adolescent relationships were measured through adolescents' self-reports from ages 13 to 17. Group-based trajectory modeling revealed that most adolescents experienced high-quality relationships with both of their parents, characterized by high levels of warmth and low levels of conflict, and marked by gradual changes over adolescence. However, 3% of adolescents showed a trajectory of high and increasing conflict with their mothers and 16% of adolescents showed a trajectory of low warmth with their fathers, which decreased until mid-adolescence before increasing thereafter. Moreover, in line with an evocative gene-environment correlation process, a higher genetic vulnerability to depressive symptoms increased the likelihood of following a more problematic relationship trajectory with parents. This rGE was mediated by adolescents' actual depressive behavior symptoms. <br><br>RESULTS also suggest that adolescents' depression symptoms may affect girls' and boys' relationship with their parents in a similar way, with specific sex-patterns revolving more around the sex of the parent. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0012-1649",
doi="10.1037/dev0000751",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/dev0000751"
}