@article{ref1,
title="Is the sum greater than its parts? Variations in substance-related consequences by conjoint alcohol-marijuana use patterns",
journal="Journal of psychoactive drugs",
year="2019",
author="Cummings, Courtenay and Beard, Charlotte and Habarth, Janice M. and Weaver, Christopher and Haas, Amie",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="1-9",
abstract="Alcohol and marijuana are the most commonly used substances for college-attending young adults. This study evaluated differences in substance-specific consequence attribution by alcohol-marijuana use patterns (concurrent alcohol and marijuana [CAM; use of both substances, not at same time] and simultaneous [SAM; use of both, at same time]) as well as alcohol-only (AO). First-year college students with prior alcohol use (N = 610, 50.9% women, 71% White, M<sub>age</sub> = 18) completed an online assessment of past-three-month substance use, including SAM, and related consequences. <br><br>RESULTS indicated that polydrug (SAM and CAM) users reported greater alcohol involvement and earlier alcohol initiation than AO, and polydrug use was associated with more alcohol-related problems, including sexual risk taking and alcohol-related blackouts. When restricted to SAM/CAM users, logistic regressions indicated that SAM users reported an increased incidence in two marijuana-related problems relative to CAM (driving after using and academic difficulties), but lower rates of social problems. SAM users were also less likely to attribute substance-related social problems to alcohol. Overall, findings highlight variations that exist within alcohol-marijuana polydrug users and show areas to consider for intervention development and future research.   Keyword: Cannabis impaired driving <p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0279-1072",
doi="10.1080/02791072.2019.1599473",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2019.1599473"
}