@article{ref1,
title="Substance use, academic performance, and academic engagement among high school seniors",
journal="Journal of school health",
year="2019",
author="Bugbee, Brittany A. and Beck, Kenneth H. and Fryer, Craig S. and Arria, Amelia M.",
volume="89",
number="2",
pages="145-156",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Substance use is prevalent and is associated with academic performance among adolescents. Few studies have examined the association between abstinence from all substances and academic achievement. <br><br>METHODS: Data from a nationally representative sample of 9578 12th graders from the 2015 Monitoring the Future survey were analyzed to examine relationships between abstinence from substance use and 4 academic variables: skipping school, grades, academic self-efficacy, and emotional academic engagement. Participants were categorized as lifetime non-users, former users, and past-year users based on the use of 14 substances. <br><br>RESULTS: Approximately one-fourth of participants had never used cigarettes, alcohol, or other drugs during their lifetime, and 8%<sub>wt</sub> used at least one substance during their lifetime but not during the past year. Adjusting for demographic variables, past-year substance users had 2.71 greater odds of skipping school during the past month than lifetime non-users and 1.74 greater odds of having low grades. Lifetime non-users reported greater academic self-efficacy and emotional academic engagement than past-year users. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Many 12th graders have abstained from all substance use during their lifetime, and these adolescents experience better academic outcomes than their substance-using peers. Substance use prevention programs should be evaluated as a way to promote academic achievement.<br><br>© 2019, American School Health Association.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-4391",
doi="10.1111/josh.12723",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/josh.12723"
}