@article{ref1,
title="Sociocultural factors influencing caregiver appraisals following traumatic brain injury",
journal="Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation",
year="2019",
author="Sander, Angelle M. and Hanks, Robin A. and Ianni, Phillip A. and Boileau, Nicholas R. and Kratz, Anna L. and Hahn, Elizabeth A. and Tulsky, David S. and Carlozzi, Noelle E.",
volume="100",
number="4S",
pages="S58-S64",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of the sociocultural variables race/ethnicity, education, and poverty level to caregivers' positive and negative appraisals following traumatic brain injury. <br><br>DESIGN: Survey. SETTING: Community. PARTICIPANTS: 344 caregivers (216 White; 69 Black; 39 Hispanic) of persons with complicated mild to severe TBI at least one-year post-injury. INTERVENTION: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Modified Caregiver Appraisal Scale (M-CAS); Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). <br><br>RESULTS: Black caregivers reported lower levels of perceived burden on both the M-CAS and the ZBI. Black and Hispanic caregivers reported more traditional caregiver ideology (caregiving as a responsibility) than did Whites. Greater poverty was associated with higher burden on the M-CAS, lower caregiver satisfaction, and less mastery. Higher education was associated with higher burden on the ZBI and with lower caregiver mastery. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Treatment professionals should be culturally sensitive to the different perspectives that caregivers may have based on sociocultural factors. Sociocultural factors should be considered in research investigating caregiver outcomes, including appraisals.<br><br>Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0003-9993",
doi="10.1016/j.apmr.2018.08.193",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2018.08.193"
}