@article{ref1,
title="Chinese translation and validation of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 (SCAT3)",
journal="BMJ open sport and exercise medicine",
year="2018",
author="Yeung, Ella W. and Sin, Yan-Wing and Lui, Sweetie R. and Tsang, Toni W. T. and Ng, Ka-Wing and Ma, Pui-Ka and Yeung, Simon S. and Woo, Peter Y. and Ma, Tracy M.",
volume="4",
number="1",
pages="e000450-e000450",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to translate, adapt and validate the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3rd edition (SCAT3), a test for assessing athletes for concussion, into the Chinese context. <br><br>METHODS: Translation and adaptation were performed in several stages, which included forward translation by two independent teams, translation merging, backward translation, reviews by both native Cantonese-speaking and Mandarin-speaking multidisciplinary expert panels (n=49) for semantic and conceptual equivalence and reviews by pitch-side physiotherapists (n=18) as end-users of the SCAT3 and rugby players (n=11) for face validity. The Serial 3  s subtraction test was used as a substitute for the Months Backward Test (MBT) for measures of concentration in the Standardized Assessment of Concussion subscale. English-speaking and Chinese-speaking rugby players (n=52) were recruited to perform these tests to assess the level of difficulty, time for completion and accuracy. Inter-rater and test-retest reliability were assessed in 33 and 38 healthy young individuals, respectively. <br><br>RESULTS: Despite the longer mean completion time (p<0.05) for the Serial 3  s test, no significant difference was found in the percentage accuracy between MBT and the Serial 3  s test. No significant difference was found in either the percentage accuracy or completion time between English-speaking and Cantonese-speaking rugby players. All subscales in the Chinese SCAT3 had excellent levels of inter-rater reliability for all items (ICC<sub>2,1</sub> range: 0.96-0.99) but a low to moderate test-retest reliability (ICC<sub>3,2</sub> range: 0.32-0.65). The mean completion time of the Chinese SCAT3 was 10.6±1.1  min. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Chinese SCAT3 is a valid instrument for pitch-side assessment of concussed Chinese-speaking athletes.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2055-7647",
doi="10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000450",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000450"
}