@article{ref1,
title="Destroyed by slavery? Slavery and African American family formation following emancipation",
journal="Demography",
year="2018",
author="Miller, Melinda C.",
volume="55",
number="5",
pages="1587-1609",
abstract="This study introduces a new sample that links people and families across 1860, 1880, and 1900 census data to explore the intergenerational impact of slavery on black families in the United States. Slaveholding-the number of slaves owned by a single farmer or planter-is used as a proxy for experiences during slavery. Slave family structures varied systematically with slaveholding sizes. Enslaved children on smaller holdings were more likely to be members of single-parent or divided families. On larger holdings, however, children tended to reside in nuclear families. In 1880, a child whose mother had been on a farm with five slaves was 49 % more likely to live in a single-parent household than a child whose mother had been on a farm with 15 slaves. By 1900, slaveholding no longer had an impact. However, children whose parents lived in single-parent households were themselves more likely to live in single-parent households and to have been born outside marriage.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0070-3370",
doi="10.1007/s13524-018-0711-6",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-018-0711-6"
}