@article{ref1,
title="Combustion behaviors of CIGS thin-film solar modules from cone calorimeter tests",
journal="Materials (Basel, Switzerland)",
year="2018",
author="Yin, Lulu and Jiang, Yong and Qiu, Rong",
volume="11",
number="8",
pages="e11081353-e11081353",
abstract="As is well known, building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) technology is becoming more commonly used in residential and commercial buildings. Fire assessment of photovoltaic (PV) modules as a whole is still insufficient. This work focuses on the thermal properties and combustion behavior of CIGS (copper, indium, gallium and selenium) thin-film modules. Cone calorimeter experiments were conducted at different external heat flux of 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 kW m<sup>-2</sup>. Several parameters are discussed, including surface temperature, ignition time, heat release rate (HRR), mass loss rate, carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations. The results show that CIGS thin-film solar modules are inflammable at intermediate or high flashover risk. A correction calculation for the gas toxicity index has been used to reduce the well-ventilation condition effect. Compared with the uncorrected calculation, peak fractional effective dose (FED) and lethal concentration for 50% of the population (<i>LC</i><sub>50</sub>) are almost double. This work will help to determine a more stringent fire safety provision for PV modules.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1996-1944",
doi="10.3390/ma11081353",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11081353"
}