@article{ref1,
title="Italian consensus conference on guidelines for conservative treatment on lower limb muscle injuries in athlete",
journal="BMJ open sport and exercise medicine",
year="2018",
author="Bisciotti, Gian Nicola and Volpi, Piero and Amato, Maurizio and Alberti, Giampietro and Allegra, Francesco and Aprato, Alessandro and Artina, Matteo and Auci, Alessio and Bait, Corrado and Bastieri, Gian Matteo and Balzarini, Luca and Belli, Andrea and Bellini, Gianandrea and Bettinsoli, Pierfrancesco and Bisciotti, Alessandro and Bisciotti, Andrea and Bona, Stefano and Brambilla, Lorenzo and Bresciani, Marco and Buffoli, Michele and Calanna, Filippo and Canata, Gian Luigi and Cardinali, Davide and Carimati, Giulia and Cassaghi, Gabriella and Cautero, Enrico and Cena, Emanuele and Corradini, Barbara and Corsini, Alessandro and D'Agostino, Cristina and De Donato, Massimo and Delle Rose, Giacomo and Di Marzo, Francesco and Di Pietto, Francesco and Enrica, Drapchind and Eirale, Cristiano and Febbrari, Luigi and Ferrua, Paolo and Foglia, Andrea and Galbiati, Alberto and Gheza, Alberto and Giammattei, Carlo and Masia, Francesco and Melegati, Gianluca and Moretti, Biagio and Moretti, Lorenzo and Niccolai, Roberto and Orgiani, Antonio and Orizio, Claudio and Pantalone, Andrea and Parra, Federica and Patroni, Paolo and Pereira Ruiz, Maria Teresa and Perri, Marzio and Petrillo, Stefano and Pulici, Luca and Quaglia, Alessandro and Ricciotti, Luca and Rosa, Francesco and Sasso, Nicola and Sprenger, Claudio and Tarantola, Chiara and Tenconi, Fabio Gianpaolo and Tosi, Fabio and Trainini, Michele and Tucciarone, Agostino and Yekdah, Ali and Vuckovic, Zarko and Zini, Raul and Chamari, Karim",
volume="4",
number="1",
pages="e000323-e000323",
abstract="Provide the state of the art concerning (1) biology and aetiology, (2) classification, (3) clinical assessment and (4) conservative treatment of lower limb muscle injuries (MI) in athletes. Seventy international experts with different medical backgrounds participated in the consensus conference. They discussed and approved a consensus composed of four sections which are presented in these documents. This paper represents a synthesis of the consensus conference, the following four sections are discussed: (i) The biology and aetiology of MIs. A definition of MI was formulated and some key points concerning physiology and pathogenesis of MIs were discussed. (ii) The MI classification. A classification of MIs was proposed. (iii) The MI clinical assessment, in which were discussed anamnesis, inspection and clinical examination and are provided the relative guidelines. (iv) The MI conservative treatment, in which are provided the guidelines for conservative treatment based on the severity of the lesion. Furthermore, instrumental therapy and pharmacological treatment were discussed. Knowledge of the aetiology and biology of MIs is an essential prerequisite in order to plan and conduct a rehabilitation plan. Another important aspect is the use of a rational MI classification on prognostic values. We propose a classification based on radiological investigations performed by ultrasonography and MRI strongly linked to prognostic factors. Furthermore, the consensus conference results will able to provide fundamental guidelines for diagnostic and rehabilitation practice, also considering instrumental therapy and pharmacological treatment of MI. Expert opinion, level IV.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2055-7647",
doi="10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000323",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000323"
}