@article{ref1,
title="Risk of mild head injury in preschool children: relationship to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms",
journal="Child's nervous system",
year="2018",
author="Altun, Hatice and Altun, İdiris",
volume="34",
number="7",
pages="1353-1359",
abstract="AIM: To investigate whether there is an association between mild head injury (MHI) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in preschool children. <br><br>METHODS: The study included a patient group of 30 children aged 3-6 years with mild head trauma and a control group of 30 healthy and age- and sex-matched children. The symptoms of ADHD were evaluated using the Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised Long (CPRS-RL) form. <br><br>RESULTS: The mean age was 4.73 ± 1.13 years in the patient group and 4.65 ± 0.99 years in the control group. No significant differences were determined between the groups in terms of age, gender, parents' age and education (p > 0.05). The total subscale points as reported by the parents of the children with MHI were significantly higher than those for the control group in terms of the following subscales: oppositional, cognitive problems/inattention, hyperactivity, social problems, ADHD index, Conners' Global Index (CGI)-Irritability-Impulsiveness, CGI-Emotional Lability, CGI-Total and DSM-IV ADHD symptoms (p < 0.05). A history of previous trauma treated in emergency services was determined in eight of the 30 patients (26.7%). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that preschool children with MHI have more pre-injury ADHD symptoms and oppositional and emotional-behavioural symptoms than healthy children without trauma. Clinicians should screen children with MHI for ADHD symptoms and refer them for treatment when necessary. Evaluation of children presenting with MHI by a child psychiatrist may prevent repetition of injuries.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0256-7040",
doi="10.1007/s00381-018-3808-8",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-018-3808-8"
}