@article{ref1,
title="The proportion of sexual offenders who are female is higher than thought: a meta-analysis",
journal="Criminal justice and behavior",
year="2017",
author="Cortoni, Franca A. and Babchishin, Kelly M. and Rat, Clémence",
volume="44",
number="2",
pages="145-162",
abstract="Women commit sexual offenses, but the proportion of sexual offenders who are female is subject to debates. Based on 17 samples from 12 countries, the current meta-analysis found that a small proportion of sexual offenses reported to police are committed by females (fixed-effect meta-analytical average = 2.2%). In contrast, victimization surveys indicated prevalence rates of female sexual offenders that were six times higher than official data (fixed-effect meta-analytical average = 11.6%). Female sexual offenders are more common among juvenile offenders than adult offenders, with approximately 2 percentage points more female juvenile sex offenders than female adult sex offenders. We also found that males were much more likely to self-report being victimized by female sex offenders compared with females (40% vs. 4%). The current study provides a robust estimate of the prevalence of female sexual offending, using a large sample of sexual offenses across diverse countries.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0093-8548",
doi="10.1177/0093854816658923",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854816658923"
}