@article{ref1,
title="The relationship between abusive experiences and staff controls in juvenile correctional facilities: the mediating effects of externalizing behavior",
journal="Criminal justice and behavior",
year="2017",
author="Hodge, Ashleigh I. and Yoder, Jamie R.",
volume="44",
number="10",
pages="1281-1299",
abstract="To maintain safety and order, some correctional settings permit the use of controls on youth in response to behavioral problems; however, use of controls may exacerbate trauma symptoms that many youth bring to the carceral experience. Data from the Survey of Youth in Residential Placement are used in this study (N = 7,073). Structural equation modeling was used to test three hypotheses: (a) youth with a history of physical, sexual, and emotional abuse report greater use of staff controls; (b) externalizing behaviors partially mediate this relationship; and (c) externalizing behavior and staff controls are mutually reinforcing. <br><br>FINDINGS suggest that youth with physical and sexual abuse histories experience greater staff controls. Externalizing behavior was a partial mediator and a reciprocal product of staff controls. Such findings warrant caution for institutional policies and staff practices that promote the use of control, and instead call for the use of trauma-informed responses to misbehavior.  Keywords: Juvenile justice <p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0093-8548",
doi="10.1177/0093854817727796",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854817727796"
}