@article{ref1,
title="Correlation of impulsivity with self-harm and suicidal attempt: a community study of adolescents in Taiwan",
journal="BMJ open",
year="2017",
author="Huang, Yu-Hsin and Liu, Hui-Ching and Tsai, Fang-Ju and Sun, Fang-Ju and Huang, Kuo-Yang and Chiu, Yu-Ching and Huang, Yen-Hsun and Huang, Yo-Ping and Liu, Shen-Ing",
volume="7",
number="12",
pages="e017949-e017949",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate differences and similarities in risk factors for deliberate self-harm (DSH) and suicidal attempt (SA), and the role of impulsivity among a group of community adolescents. SETTING: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at high schools in Northern Taiwan. DATA AND PARTICIPANTS: We recruited grade 1 students from 14 high schools. A total of 5879 participants (mean age 16.02 years, female adolescents: 57.7%) completed the online assessment. OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants completed online questionnaires about sociodemographic data, suicidality, history of DSH and SA, depressed mood, self-esteem, social support, family discord, impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Version 11 (BIS-11)) and the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs. A subsample was interviewed about lifetime SA, and the results were compared with those from the online questionnaires. <br><br>RESULTS: In our sample, 25% of the students had lifetime DSH and 3.5% had lifetime SA. Two hundred and seventy-two students received face-to-face interviews. The concordance between the online questionnaires and interviews in terms of ascertaining cases of SA was moderate (concordance rate 82.76%; kappa value 0.59). Similar risk factors for DSH/SA among the whole sample included female gender, lower academic performance, depression, substance use (tobacco and alcohol) and low self-esteem. The BIS-11 score was correlated with DSH. Factor 3 score of the BIS-11 (novelty seeking) was correlated with DSH in both boys and girls, whereas factor 2 score (lack of self-control) was correlated with SA in boys. Social support was a protective factor against SA among the female adolescents. Gender modulated the association of impulsivity and DSH/SA. Associations between impulsivity and DSH and SA were particularly strong among boys. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for DSH and SA were similar, but not identical. Early identification of those at risk and appropriate interventions may be helpful.<br><br>© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2044-6055",
doi="10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017949",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017949"
}