@article{ref1,
title="The subarachnoid hemorrhage early brain edema score predicts delayed cerebral ischemia and clinical outcomes",
journal="Neurosurgery",
year="2018",
author="Ahn, Sung-Ho and Savarraj, Jude P. and Pervez, Mubashir and Jones, Wesley and Park, Jin and Jeon, Sang-Beom and Kwon, Sun U. and Chang, Tiffany R. and Lee, Kiwon and Kim, Dong H. and Day, Arthur L. and Choi, H. Alex",
volume="83",
number="1",
pages="137-145",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is an important determinant of clinical outcomes. However, a major hindrance to studies of EBI is the lack of radiographic surrogate marker. <br><br>OBJECTIVE: To propose a scoring system based on early changes in clinically obtained computed tomography (CT), called the Subarachnoid hemorrhage Early Brain Edema Score (SEBES). <br><br>METHODS: Patients with spontaneous aneurysmal SAH and a CT within 24 h of ictus were included. We defined SEBES as a scale of 0 to 4 points according to the (1) absence of visible sulci caused by effacement of sulci or (2) absence of visible sulci with disruption of the gray-white matter junction at 2 predetermined levels in each hemisphere. Prognostic value of the SEBES grade for the prediction of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and unfavorable outcomes was assessed. A separate cohort of patients was used as a validation cohort. <br><br>RESULTS: Of the 164 subjects in our study, high-grade SEBES (3 or 4 points) was identified in 48 patients (29.3%). CT interobserver reliability of SEBES grades was high with a Kappa value of 0.89. After adjusting for covariables, SEBES was identified as an independent predictor of DCI (OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.58-3.17) and unfavorable outcome (OR = 3.45, 95% CI: 1.95-6.07). In our validation cohort, 84 subjects showed similar predictive power of SEBES for a prediction of DCI and unfavorable long-term outcome. <br><br>CONCLUSION: SEBES may be a surrogate marker of EBI and predicts DCI and clinical outcomes after SAH.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0148-396X",
doi="10.1093/neuros/nyx364",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyx364"
}