@article{ref1,
title="Examination of traumatic brain injury exposure among veterans with spinal cord injury",
journal="Rehabilitation psychology",
year="2017",
author="Budd, Maggi A. and Dixon, Thomas M. and Barnett, Scott D. and Njoh, Eni and Goetz, Lance L. and Ottomanelli, Lisa",
volume="62",
number="3",
pages="345-352",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated lifetime exposure to traumatic brain injury (TBI) among veterans with spinal cord injury (SCI) in order to describe outcome differences as a function of self-reported TBI history. <br><br>DESIGN: Cross sectional study, veterans with SCI (N = 857) completed the Ohio State University TBI Identification interview method (OSU-TBI); Veterans RAND 36-Item Health Survey (VR-36); Quick Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology, Self-Report (QIDS-SR); Patient Health Questionnaire-9; Satisfaction with Life Scale; Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique (CHART; along with clinician-rated Functional Independence Measure (FIM) Total, Motor, and Cognitive scores. <br><br>RESULTS: Probable TBI exposure was described by 77.6% of participants, with 38% reporting sustaining more than one injury. Self-reported TBIs classified as moderate/severe comprised 49.5% of injuries. Participants with self-reported TBI obtained significantly lower scores on the FIM-Cognitive and CHART Cognitive Independence scales and reported more alcohol use. A history of multiple TBIs was additionally associated with lower mental well-being on the VR-36. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the need to consider more than co-occurring injuries and the potential utility of the OSU-TBI for this purpose. Recognizing lifetime exposure to TBI among veterans with SCI may help identify those with broader impairments and enhance the rehabilitation process. (PsycINFO Database Record<br><br>(c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0090-5550",
doi="10.1037/rep0000129",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/rep0000129"
}