@article{ref1,
title="Epidemiology of injuries sustained by rear-seat passengers in frontal motor vehicle crashes",
journal="Journal of transport and health",
year="2017",
author="Bose, Dipan and Crandall, Jeffrey Richard and Forman, Jason and Longhitano, Douglas and Arregui-Dalmases, Carlos",
volume="4",
number="",
pages="132-139",
abstract="OBJECTIVE Advanced occupant protection systems in motor-vehicles (e.g., seat belts and airbags), while widely adopted for front-seat passengers, are either absent or offer disproportionally lower safety to rear-seat passengers in similar crashes. Optimization of advanced restraint systems for the rear-seat environment will require a detailed understanding of epidemiology and associated risk factors for injuries sustained by rear-seat passengers. Thus, the objective of the study is to use national level motor-vehicle travel and crash data to quantify rear-seat travel exposure, and determine the descriptive characteristics and the injury outcomes for rear-seat passengers involved in frontal collisions.  Methods While U.S. travel data from the 2009 National Household Travel Survey was used to determine rear-seat travel estimates, crash data from 2001 to 2010 National Automotive Sampling System Crash Worthiness Data System was used to enroll rear-seat passengers injured in a frontal crash. The descriptive epidemiology of rear-seat crash victims was separately done for the three age-groups: children (8-15 years old), adults (16-59 years old), and senior adults (60+).  Results The study indicated that senior adults in rear-seats were associated with a significantly higher rate of sustaining fatal (6%) and severe injuries (16% for MAIS 3+ injuries) in comparison to the younger cohorts. The distribution of severe injuries further indicated that the thorax was the most frequently injured region across all age groups irrespective of the belt-use status.  Conclusions Findings of the study conclude that while rear-seat travel in the U.S. is still very low and improving belt usage is a primary concern among rear-seat passengers; however, the epidemiology supports the need for adapting rear-seat restraint performance for effective protection for all groups of rear-seat passengers.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2214-1405",
doi="10.1016/j.jth.2016.10.005",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2016.10.005"
}