@article{ref1,
title="Face shield design against blast-induced head injuries",
journal="International journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineering",
year="2017",
author="Tan, Long Bin and Tse, Kwong Ming and Tan, Yuan Hong and Bin Sapingi, Mohamad Ali and Tan, Vincent Beng Chye and Lee, Heow Pueh",
volume="33",
number="12",
pages="e2884-e2884",
abstract="Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been on the rise in recent years due to the increasing use of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) in conflict zones. Our study investigates the response of a helmeted human head subjected to a blast of 1 atm peak overpressure, for cases with and without a standard polycarbonate (PC) face shield and for face shields comprising of composite PC and aerogel materials and with lateral edge extension. The novel introduction of aerogel into the laminate face shield is explored and its wave-structure interaction mechanics and performance in blast mitigation is analysed. Our numerical results show that the face shield prevented direct exposure of the blast wave to the face and help delays the transmission of the blast to reduce the intracranial pressures (ICPs) at the parietal lobe. However, the blast wave can diffract and enter the midface region at the bottom and side edges of the face shield, resulting in TBI. This suggests that the bottom and sides of the face shield are important regions to focus on to reduce wave ingress. The laminated PC/aerogel/PC face shield yielded higher peak positive and negative ICPs at the frontal lobe, than the original PC one. For the occipital and temporal brain regions, the laminated face shield performed better than the original. The composite face shield with extended edges reduced ICP at the temporal lobe but increases ICP significantly at the parietal lobe which suggests that a greater coverage may not lead to better mitigating effects.<br><br>This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2040-7939",
doi="10.1002/cnm.2884",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.2884"
}